Does PCE degrade to TCE?
The degradation process for PCE is generally PCE→TCE→cis-1,2-DCE (with the possibility of minor amounts of trans-1,2-DCE and 1,1-DCE)→VC→ethene. At each step, different types of degradation are possible.
What is natural attenuation?
Natural attenuation relies on natural processes to decrease or “attenuate” concentrations of contaminants in soil and groundwater. Scientists monitor these conditions to make sure natural attenuation is working.
What does TCE degrade into?
The decomposition of PCE and TCE leads to the formation of DCE, TCM, and DCM.
Is PCE a daughter product of TCE?
The primary daughter products include trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (trans-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). The daughter products can be as dangerous to human health and the environment as PCE (in some cases, more dangerous).
How long does it take for TCE to degrade?
TCE co-metabolic degradation efficiency was 70.8% after 72 h of degradation.
How do you remediate TCE?
TCE usually is remediated through pump and treat, using either air stripping or granular activated carbon, but there are many innovative cleanup methods—physical, chemical, thermal, and biological—that have been applied successfully to remove TCE from soil and ground water or to convert it into nonhazardous compounds.
Is TCE a NAPL?
Once in the vadose zone, TCE can become associated with soil pore water, enter the gas phase because of its Henry’s constant, or exist as nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL).
What are the daughter products of PCE?
Is benzene a Lnapl?
Examples of LNAPLs are benzene, toluene, xylene, and other hydrocarbons.
What is the difference between biostimulation and bioaugmentation?
Bioaugmentation is the process of adding specific microorganisms to enhance the existing populations and promote biodegradation process while biostimulation is the process of adding electron acceptors, electron donors, or nutrients to stimulate naturally occurring microbial populations in the contaminated area.