What causes extrapulmonary tuberculosis?
Summary. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that occurs in organ systems other than the lungs. Epidemiologic risk factors include birth in high TB-prevalent countries, exposure at place of residence/work in an institutional setting, and homelessness.
What causes miliary tuberculosis?
Miliary tuberculosis is a potentially life-threatening type of tuberculosis that occurs when a large number of the bacteria travel through the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. is a contagious infection caused by the airborne bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
How is extrapulmonary tuberculosis transmitted?
How is it transmitted? Mainly transmitted from person to person through the air. When someone with active pulmonary TB coughs, sneezes, spits or speaks, infected droplets can be projected into the air. Inhaled bacteria can then lodge in the lungs and cause TB.
What are extrapulmonary TB symptoms?
•Cough (especially if lasting for 3 weeks or longer) with or without sputum production.
Is miliary TB curable?
TB is common among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) but only a few reports of such patients suffering from miliary tuberculosis (MT) exist. MT often presents as a fever of unknown origin (FUO). It is a curable disease, yet fatal if left untreated and therefore prompt diagnosis is mandatory.
How long does miliary TB last?
New patients with miliary TB receive 6 months of daily or intermittent treatment. The guidelines mention that some experts recommend 9–12 months of treatment when TBM is present given the serious risk of disability and mortality, and 9 months of treatment when bone and joint TB is also present.
How is extrapulmonary TB treated?
Treatment
- Anti-TB drugs. Anti-TB treatment is the mainstay in the management of EPTB.
- Paradoxical reaction.
- Corticosteroids.
- Surgery.
- Monitoring during treatment.