What is abnormal trophoblastic proliferation?
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of tumors defined by abnormal trophoblastic proliferation. [1] Trophoblast cells produce human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). GTD is divided into hydatidiform moles (contain villi) and other trophoblastic neoplasms (lack villi).
What are the two most common types of gestational trophoblastic disease?
There are two main types of GTD: hydatidiform mole (HM), also called molar pregnancy, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).
What are the symptoms of gestational trophoblastic disease?
Signs and Symptoms of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
- Vaginal bleeding after delivery, miscarriage or abortion that lasts longer than six weeks and shows no signs of stopping.
- An enlarged uterus.
- Pelvic pain or pressure.
- Severe nausea and vomiting.
Is gestational trophoblastic disease curable?
Gestational trophoblastic disease usually can be cured. Treatment and prognosis depend on the following: The type of GTD. Whether the tumor has spread to the uterus, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body.
What causes gestational trophoblastic disease?
The most common types of gestational trophoblastic disease occur when a sperm cell fertilizes an empty egg cell or when two sperm cells fertilize a normal egg cell. Your risk is higher based on your: Age: Gestational trophoblastic disease occurs in women of childbearing age.
What is trophoblastic reaction in pregnancy?
Listen to pronunciation. (jeh-STAY-shuh-nul troh-fuh-BLAS-tik dih-ZEEZ) A rare condition in which abnormal cells grow inside the uterus from tissue that forms after conception (the joining of sperm and egg).
What happens to trophoblast after implantation?
During the process of implantation in humans, fetal trophoblast cells invade and migrate into the maternal decidua. During this migration, trophoblast cells destroy the wall of the maternal spiral arteries, con- verting them from muscular vessels into flaccid sinu- soidal sacs.
Is gestational trophoblastic disease fatal?
In total, 1044 patients were admitted during the study period, 164 cases (15.7%) of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) were diagnosed and 21 deaths occurred leading to a specific lethality of 12.8% (21/164).
Who is at risk for gestational trophoblastic?
Researchers have found several risk factors that might increase a woman’s chance of developing gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). GTD occurs in women of childbearing age. The risk of complete molar pregnancy is highest in women over age 35 and younger than 20. The risk is even higher for women over age 45.
What is trophoblastic reaction in ultrasound?
A well defined trophoblastic reaction, continuous around the gestational sac, is a very good prognostic sign for continued viability; a sac greater than 2 cm in diameter without embryonic echoes is a poor prognostic sign.
Is trophoblast maternal or fetal?
Trophoblasts, the specialized cells of the placenta, play a major role in implantation and formation of the maternal-fetal interface.