How does waterlogging affect soil?
Waterlogging lowers oxygen levels in the root zone, which reduces plant growth. Waterlogging increases the reduction potential of the soil and changes the chemical equilibrium of many elements which then enter the soil-water solution in their ionic forms.
What are the ill effects of waterlogging?
1] Water logging itself is an ill effect of irrigation. 2] The fertility of a water logged soil is lost, resulting in a considerably low crop yield. 3] Further in course of time such land turns saline or alkaline and ultimately becomes unfit for cultivation.
What causes waterlogging in soil?
Waterlogging is caused by a combination of excess rainfall (for the site), poor external drain- age (runoff), poor internal drainage (water movement in the soil profile) and the inability of the soil to store much water.
What is water logging and its disadvantages?
Flood of agricultural land either by an increase in the water table (upper layer of groundwater) or by excessive irrigation is known as Waterlogging. Waterlogging cements the soil, leaves the roots without oxygen and contributes to salinization. One disadvantage: When the water is stored somewhere.
What happens to soil after a flood?
The disintegrated aggregates may clog the soil pores and further degrade the soil structure. However, reducing conditions only occur for short periods of time during the wet season in upland soils, whereas aggregation processes operate for several months causing re-aggregation of soil particles.
How does water logging causes soil salinity?
In irrigated agricultural land, waterlogging is often accompanied by soil salinity as waterlogged soils prevent leaching of the salts imported by the irrigation water. Salts are a major water quality factor in choosing disposal options for subsurface drainage in arid irrigated areas.
What are the effects of water logging and salinity?
Waterlogging and salinization have direct and indirect effects on plant growth and yield. The damage to plant growth and yield is much serious when these processes occur simultaneously and generally yield reduction is linearly correlated with the salinity level.
What are the effects of waterlogging and salinity?
What do mean by water logging explain the causes and effects?
Water logging is a drainage problem that results of high water inflow caused by rain, runoff, interflow, rise in groundwater, over irrigation or flooding. Drainage problems can be. caused by low water outflow due to low infiltration rate, low hydraulic conductivity, flat.
What is water logging condition and its effect in agriculture?
Waterlogging can cause soil displacement, restrict their air supply that normally flows through the pores of the soil, and impede the growth of vegetation. The restriction of airflow in the soil can cause its oxygen levels to decline and its levels of carbon dioxide and ethylene to increase.
How does flooding affect soil erosion?
Answer and Explanation: Floods cause erosion because the amount of power that the flow of water brings is often sufficient enough to completely tear away top layers of soil. …
What is soil flooded with water called?
Flooded soils, now known as Hydric soils, are characteristic of wetlands and irrigated fields cropped to rice (paddy soils). In them, water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year.
What are the characteristics of waterlogged soil?
1.5. A waterlogged soil is one which is saturated and all the voids (pores) in are filled with water. A soil is unsaturated when part of it is filled with water and part with air. Water in the soil is also called soil moisture.
What is waterlogging How does it harm agriculture crops?
Waterlogging is a condition where the oxygen level in the saturated soil reaches the point that is harmful to plant growth. Waterlogging makes the soil full of water, due to this the roots of the crops drown and unable to breathe. Waterlogging can be prevented by reducing the giving amount of water to the crops.
What are the causes and effects of water logging?
Heavy Rainfall: Heavy rainfall may result in water-logged soil that may last for days due to less porous soil. Intensive Irrigation: This method of irrigation causes the rise of groundwater table because water percolates deeply and the soil becomes waterlogged.
Why floods causes soil erosion?
How does flooding affect the soil?
Flooding can significantly alter the level of plant available nutrients in the soil. For example: Soil lost due to erosion can take with it valuable plant-available nutrients and organic matter. Deposition of sediments from floods may increase the level of nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and potassium in the soil.
How does flooding affect soil structure?
Floods will remove significant amounts of topsoil over a large area of farming land. While some parts of the landscape will lose significant amounts of topsoil (both from the flood but also from the sheet erosion as rain fell on wet soils) other areas will benefit from the depositing of new topsoil.
What is responsible for water logging and makes the soil infertile?
Answer: Background. Waterlogging occurs whenever the soil is so wet that there is insufficient oxygen in the pore space for plant roots to be able to adequately respire. Other gases detrimental to root growth, such as carbon dioxide and ethylene, also accumulate in the root zone and affect the plants.
Apart from the impact on crop and pasture growth, waterlogging can have a severe impact on soils, including: Under normal soil conditions, aerobic soil microbes depend on oxygen in the soil. In waterlogged soil these beneficial microbes can’t exist. Anaerobic soil microbes, which can survive without oxygen, become dominant.
How can waterlogging be controlled?
It is clear that waterlogging can be controlled only if the quantity of water entering into the soil can be checked and reduced. The various measures for controlling waterlogging are enumerated below:
What is waterlogging of artificial land?
An artificial land is said to be water-logged when its productively gets affected by the high water table. The productivity of land may become affected when the root zone of plants gets flooded with water, and thus become ill- aerated. Oxygen present in the air is not only needed by a human being but is also needed by plants.
How does waterlogging lead to salinity?
Waterlogging leads to salinity. Water-logging is the rise of the water table, which may happen due to various factors such as When a policy of intensive is adopted, then the maximum irrigable area of the certain region is irrigated. This leads too much irrigation, resulting in heavy percolation and the subsequent rise of the water table.