What are the factors to be considered in the design of incinerators?
Aspects of prime importance in design to be considered are: the incineration mechanisms and their selection, the grate firing systems, furnace geometries, secondary air injection, the 3Ts, the heating value or calorific value of the waste, theoretical Air to Fuel ratio and the excess air requirement.
What is the capacity of an incinerator?
Mass-burn Incinerator Mass-burn systems generally consist of either two or three incineration units ranging in capacity from 50 to 1,000 tons per day; thus, facility capacity ranges from about 100 to 3,000 tons per day.
What is the working principle of incinerator?
The Incinerator is designed with the primary combustion chamber for burning sludge oil or solid waste, and a secondary combustion chamber for burning out and uncombusted exhaust gases. The primary combustion chamber is equipped with a primary burner.
What temperature does an incinerator burn at?
Temperature: Most incinerators operate at higher temperatures than the ignition temperature, which is a minimum temperature. Thermal destruction of most organic compounds occurs between 590/C and 650/C (1100/F and 1200/F).
Why vacuum is maintained in incinerator?
The incinerator continuously burns sludge(waste fuel) in the presence of air under partial vacuum conditions created by an induced draft fan. It is very important to monitor and control this air+fuel ratio to maintain optimum and continuous combustion.
What is the temperature of incineration?
What materials Cannot be incinerated?
Some things YOU CANNOT incinerate:
- Activated carbon.
- Agrochemicals.
- Animal fat.
- Automotive waste.
- Bones.
- Car filters.
- Cardboard.
- Ceramic.
Which incinerator is more efficient?
Thermal incinerators are often the best choice when high efficiencies are needed and the waste gas is above 20% of the LEL.
What fuel is used in an incinerator?
In incineration applications, the fuel is predominately waste (although fossil fuels may be co-fired) and the oxygen source is air. Combustion produces many of the same stable end products, whether the material burned is natural gas, coal, wood, gasoline, municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, or medical waste.
What is the temperature range in incineration?
What is flue gas in incinerator?
Flue gas from the economizer outlet is employed to partially replace secondary combustion air to reduce, at the same time, incinerator temperature and oxygen concentration.
Can soil be incinerated?
Contaminated soils can be incinerated onsite or the excavated soil can be transported to an incinerator offsite. Companies that offer onsite incineration usually provide a service that includes rental of the incinerator and a crew (two people per shift) to operate the incinerator.
What is incineration temperature?
What is FGD system?
Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a set of technologies used to remove sulfur dioxide (SO. 2. ) from exhaust flue gases of fossil-fuel power plants, and from the emissions of other sulfur oxide emitting processes such as waste incineration.
Can chemical waste be incinerated?
Incinerators are used to burn hazardous waste primarily for waste destruction/treatment purposes; however, some energy or material recovery can occur. When performed properly, incineration destroys the toxic organic constituents in hazardous waste and reduces the volume of the waste.
What is the temperature of an incinerator?
These types of incinerators rotate wastes in a cylindrical container enabling thorough mixing with air. They operate at temperatures from 1500-3000° F (800 – 1650° C). They can handle liquid, sludge, solid or gases in very large quantities.
How do you design an incinerator?
Incinerator design thus requires a judicious combination of fundamental combustion science, ingenious engineering guided by an understanding of the mixing process, and last but not least, practical experience of previous failures and successes 5.
What is an incinerator combustion chamber?
In an incinerator combustion chamber, waste is thermally decomposed through an oxygen-deficient, medium-temperature combustion process (800~900°C) producing solid ashes and gases. This chamber includes fuel burners usually used to start the process. These burners often use oil or gas as combustible.
What is the best handbook for Incinerator systems?
Handbook of incinerator Systems. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1991. Gierend Chr. and Born M.. Fuzzy Control in waste incineration plants; experiences in several types of plants. ACHEMA Fair, Frankfurt/M, Germany, 22/27. June 2000. Skrotzki B. and Vopat W.. Power Station Engineering and Economy. Mc Graw-Hill; New York, 1960.