What is periosteal thickening?
The periosteal reaction may result in fluffy bone formation along the shaft and metaphyses. Pachydermoperiostosis. Pachydermoperiostosis is an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder characterized by marked thickening of the skin of the extremities, face, and scalp.
What is periosteal osteosarcoma?
Periosteal osteosarcoma, or PO, is a rare type of bone cancer. It usually forms on the surface of bones of the legs called the tibia and femur. It also can form on the surface of bones in the arms called the ulna and the humerus.
When sunlight falls on soap bubble the band of colors seen is due to?
The colored bands on soap bubbles result from the interference of light. Different colors correspond to different wavelengths, and so conditions that give constructive interference for some colors will give destructive interference for other colors.
What causes moth-eaten appearance bone?
Moth-eaten appearance This refers to areas of bone destruction with ragged edges. This is indicative of a malignant process rapidly expanding into the bone. Metastatic disease, myeloma, lymphoma and Ewing’s sarcoma commonly have a moth-eaten appearance.
What is pathophysiology of osteosarcoma?
A various amount of chromosomal and genetic syndromes are known to be linked to the osteosarcoma pathophysiology. Specific chromosomal abnormalities are known to be associated with osteosarcoma include: loss of chromosome 9, chromosome 10, chromosome 13, and chromosome 17 as well as gain of chromosome 1.
What is the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma?
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone. It arises in bone during periods of rapid growth and primarily affects adolescents and young adults. The 5-year survival rate for osteosarcoma is 60%–70%, with no significant improvements in prognosis since the advent of multiagent chemotherapy.
What is the most common site of a primary bone sarcoma?
Bone sarcomas are primary bone tumors, which means that they start in the bones. They are usually found in children. Osteosarcoma, the most common type of primary bone cancer, usually occurs in the thigh, upper arm or shin.
What causes periosteal osteosarcoma?
Pathology. Periosteal osteosarcomas arise from the inner germinative layer of the periosteum. The cytologic grade of this tumor is higher than parosteal osteosarcoma and lower than conventional osteosarcomas, so it is considered as intermediate grade osteosarcoma (grade 2). It predominantly contains a chondroid matrix.
What causes Parosteal osteosarcoma?
It arises from the surface of the bone, namely the outer layer of the periosteum. It is slow growing and slow to metastasize. Parosteal osteosarcomas that are present for prolonged periods of time may either have areas that become higher grade or dedifferentiate.
When soap film on the water is seen in the daytime it shows beautiful colours this phenomenon is due to?
interference patterns
The beautiful colors you see on the soap film are due to interference patterns, created when light reflects off the two surfaces of the thin soap film.
When a soap bubble is illuminated by source of white light it appears coloured due to?
When the light is incident on a soap bubble of certain thickness it constructively interferes for wavefronts which are in phase to produce white light and when the wavefronts are out of phase, they undergo destructive interference to produce a series of colors. Thus, interference is the reason.