What are the side effects of benzyl alcohol?
Common side effects of Benzyl Alcohol include:
- application site irritation.
- severe itching.
- reddening of the skin.
- reduced sensation or loss of sensation at the application site.
- irritation of eye.
- vision problems.
- pain.
- pink or red itchy rash.
What is the recommended maximum percentage for benzyl alcohol for the body?
In 2001, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) published a final report on the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate with the conclusion that benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate are safe for use in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5%.
What is the recommended maximum percentage for benzyl alcohol for the face?
5%
In 2001, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) published a final report on the safety assessment of benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate with the conclusion that benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate are safe for use in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5%.
How Much benzyl alcohol is safe in neonates?
90 mg/kg/day Must not be given to premature babies or neonates. Due to the risk of fatal toxic reactions arising from exposure to benzyl alcohol in excess of 90 mg/kg/day, this product should not be used in infants and children up to 3 years old.
How Much benzyl alcohol is in skin care?
As a volatile alcohol, it can pose a risk of sensitivity when used in high amounts but is considered safe as used in cosmetics (usually in concentrations up to 5%, and it may be used up to 10% in hair dyes).
What is side effects of benzyl benzoate?
Side Effects
- Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of skin.
- difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
- jerking movements.
- sudden loss of consciousness.
Why is benzyl alcohol contraindicated in neonates?
Due to the risk of fatal toxic reactions arising from exposure to benzyl alcohol in excess of 90 mg/kg/day, this product should not be used in infants and children up to 3 years old.
Is benzyl benzoate harmful to humans?
For benzyl alcohol benzyl benzoate (BABB) preparation, ensure all solutions are handled in glass beakers with compatible lids. BABB is toxic, avoid inhalation and contact with skin and eyes.
Where should you not apply benzyl benzoate?
Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.
Is benzyl alcohol safe for breastfeeding?
Tell your healthcare provider if you are breastfeeding. It is not known if benzyl alcohol passes into your breast milk or if it can harm your baby. You should choose to breastfeed or use benzyl alcohol, but not both. Talk to your healthcare provider about other ways to feed your baby while using benzyl alcohol.
What preservatives are toxic to neonates?
Among excipients known to be harmful for neonates, ethanol, propylene glycol, saccharin sodium and benzoates were present in at least two pharmaceutical preparations of antibiotics (intravenous formulations), iron, vitamins and antifungals (oral formulations) [1].
Is benzyl benzoate toxic?
Is benzyl alcohol a preservative?
Editorial Note: Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol usually used in a concentration of 0.9% as a bacteriostatic preservative in multiple-dose vials of solutions or drugs for parenteral therapy.
What is the toxicity of benzyl alcohol?
Benzyl alcohol has low acute toxicity with an LD 50 of 1.2 g/kg in rats. It oxidizes rapidly in healthy individuals to benzoic acid, conjugated with glycine in the liver, and excreted as hippuric acid. Very high concentrations can result in toxic effects including respiratory failure, vasodilation, hypotension, convulsions, and paralysis.
Why is benzyl alcohol a good solvent?
Benzyl alcohol. It is a useful solvent due to its polarity, low toxicity, and low vapor pressure. Benzyl alcohol has moderate solubility in water (4 g/100 mL) and is miscible in alcohols and diethyl ether. The anion produced by deprotonation of the alcohol group is known as benzylate or benzyloxide .
How do you make benzyl alcohol from benzaldehyde?
Benzyl alcohol is produced industrially from toluene via benzyl chloride, which is hydrolyzed: C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 CH 2 OH + HCl Another route entails hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, a by-product of the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid.
What happens when benzyl alcohol reacts with carboxylic acids?
Like most alcohols, it reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters. In organic synthesis, benzyl esters are popular protecting groups because they can be removed by mild hydrogenolysis.