What is the difference between a simultaneous lineup and a sequential lineup?
The sequential lineup shows lineup members to the witness one at a time and asks the witness to make a decision on each one before showing the next one, whereas the traditional simultaneous lineup shows the witness all lineup members at once.
What are fillers in lineups?
Lineup fillers, also known as foils (an innocent person in a police lineup), serve the major purpose of testing an eyewitness’s recognition memory for a criminal perpetrator so as to establish evidence that the suspect is guilty of the crime.
Are sequential or simultaneous lineups better?
Those who support the absolute-relative judgment theory argue that sequential lineups outperform simultaneous lineups because it encourages absolute judgments against memory as opposed to comparisons of which face in the lineup seems the closest match.
What is a double blind lineup?
1. The “Double-blind” Procedure/Use of a Blind Administrator: A “double-blind” lineup is one in which neither the administrator nor the eyewitness knows who the suspect is.
What are the different types of lineups?
There are two common types of lineups: simultaneous and sequential. In a simultaneous lineup (used most often in police departments around the country),[5] the eyewitness views all the people or photos at the same time. In a sequential lineup, people or photographs are presented to the witness one at a time.
What is the generally recommended number of fillers or foils included in a lineup?
Include a minimum of four fillers (nonsuspects) per identification procedure. The fact that a fewer number of fillers is required for a live lineup than for a photo lineup is purely a practical consideration. This is a suggested minimum.
What is a blank lineup?
Blank lineup: contains no suspects; all members are known innocent distractors. Those witnesses who get beyond this lure are more likely to make an accurate identification in a subsequent lineup.
What is a suggestive lineup?
Suggestive lineup. A flawed lineup that almost ensures that the victim or witness will identify the suspect. For example, if the suspect is male and the other lineup participants are female, this would be a suggestive lineup. In-court showup. A procedure in which a witness identifies the perpetrator in court.
Why are lineups and Showups a critical stage of a criminal proceeding?
Critical stages are those procedures following a formal charge at which representation by a lawyer is essential to a fair trial. The U.S. Supreme Court recognized in Wade and Gilbert that a lineup or showup is a critical stage because individuals who are unrepresented are at risk of being falsely identified.
What is a razor lineup?
A lineup haircut is when your barber will create straight lines in your hair with clippers to add a distinctive look to your hairstyle.
What is a target absent lineup?
Target-Present Lineup – The suspect of interest is present in the lineup that participants are shown. Target-Absent Lineup – The suspect of interest is not present in the lineup that participants are shown.
What is the primary evil relating to lineups and Showups?
The “Primary Evil” The main legal issue in most ID cases is whether the investigating officers said or did something that was apt to result in misidentification.
Can you refuse to be in a lineup?
The United States Supreme Court has ruled that a lineup is not testimonial in nature. Therefore, someone charged with a crime cannot claim the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination in order to not participate in a lineup.
What is the difference between lineup Showup and photographic lineup?
A showup, like a lineup, is a form of eyewitness identification. At a showup, a witness or victim is normally confronted with only one person rather than a group of people. And whereas lineups almost always take place in police stations, showups may occur in a station or in the field, even at the crime scene.
Who can be present during a lineup?
A Full Lineup Police officers and often a prosecutor attend lineups. A defense attorney may be present as well, because a suspect who has been formally charged with a crime has a right to be represented by a lawyer at a lineup. (Kirby v. Illinois, 406 U.S. 682 (1972).)
Which of the options below are the three decisions a witness can make when identifying a suspect in a target absent lineup?
When viewing a target-absent lineup, three choices are possible for the eyewitness: a) a correct rejection; b) a foil identification; or c) a false identification.
What is a corporeal lineup?
Live lineups are sometimes called corporeal lineups, and photographic ones are often called photo arrays. The latter typically include six pictures. Hence the colloquialism, six pack. Arrays are the pictorial equivalent of a lineup.